THE EFFECTS OF SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE OVER THE EQUATORIAL WESTERN PACIFIC AND THE INDIAN OCEAN ON THE ASIAN SUMMER MONSOON

In this paper,the p-σ five layer primitive equation model segmented by mountains and physical parameterizations including short wave radiation; long wave radiation; large-scale and convective condensation;heat and moisture transport from surface to the first model level is used.The horizonial resolution is 5° lat.×5° long.with the integration region from 25°S to 55°N and from 5°W eastward to 175°W.The model was spun up with perpetual June boundary conditions and forcing starting with June zonal mean heights and geostrophic wind field.In order to investigate the effects of SST (sea surface tempefuture) over the equatorial Western Pacific and the Indian Ocean on the Asian summer monsoon,four sets of numerical experments with positive anomalies over the equatorial Western Pacific,and positive and negative anomalies over the Western Indian Ocean,and zonal mean SST (the control case) are performed.The experimental results show that the South Asian low in the lower troposphere and the anticyclone over the South Asia in the uppet troposphere intensified when positive SST anomalies over the equatorial Western Pacific is included.A statistical test method for simulations is proposed.Finally,the influence mechanism of the SST anomalies over the equatorial oceans is discussed.It is worth stressing that the effects of the SST over the equatorial oceans on the Asian summer monsoon can arise as a result of interaction of SST anomalies,atmospheric flow field and heat sources and sinks in the atmosphere.     

吉林省四季气温变化趋势和振荡周期的分析

本文通过对吉林省四季气温时间序列的趋势分析和谱分析,揭示出吉林省夏季气温自本世纪40年代中期至70年代末处于下降趋势,80年代初又略有回升。冬季气温从30年代开始一直处于上升趋势,80年代初又略有下降。春季气温变化趋势与冬季相似,秋季基本与夏季一致。夏季气温存在18年左右显著周期,春秋季气温存在12年和2年左右周期,冬季气温存在9年左右主要周期。     

K-Ar isotopic geochronology of Lianhuashan tungsten mining district,Guangdong Province

Reported in this paper are K-Ar ages of volcanic rocks, biotite-granite and greisen from the Lianhuashan tungsten mine in Guangdong Province. The isotopic dilution method was adopted in this work. Whole-rock isochron ages of the volcanic rocks are in the range 120.4±12.1 m.y. The petrogenetic age of biotite-granite and the minero genetic age of tungsten ore are close to those of the volcanic rocks. The apparent ages of various types of rock in the mining district generally bias towards younger values, which may be attributed to the effects of late thermal events which took place in the circum-Pacific metallogenetic belt.     

α径迹的试验研究及其与地震关系的初步探讨

本文在大量试验的基础上对α径迹法在径迹蚀刻、判定、读数方法、误差来源等方面作了讨论,並做了一些相应规定,使α径迹法在地震预报中取得了一定效果。本文还对陇西3.6级地震前α径迹法的观测结果作了讨论。     

新疆东部基性超基性岩的地质地球化学特征

新疆东部基性超曲性岩常成群成带分布，明显受区域性深大断裂控制，可分为蛇绿岩套型和岩浆侵入型两种，前者包括阿尔曼太岩带和克拉美丽岩带，是蛇绿岩套的主要组成部分，前者包括阿尔曼太岩带和克拉美丽岩带，是蛇绿岩套的主要组成部分，包括喀拉通克岩带黄山岩带，为来源于上地幔的原始岩浆经分异，结晶而成，文中对这两类基性超基性岩的地质地球化学特征进行了系统研究。     

西天山菁布拉克岩带基性－超基性岩的Nd、Sr同位素地球化学

新疆西天山菁布拉克岩带基性－超基性岩的全岩εＮｄ（ｔ）约为－５．１－＋６．４，８７Ｓｒ／８６Ｓｒ（ｔ）约为０．７０３７－０．７０９４。幔源岩浆同化围岩和结晶分异联合作用（即ＡＦＣ过程）可以解释这些岩石的Ｎｄ、Ｓｒ同位素组成。     

中国东南部中生代火山岩区域成矿条件

本文在对我国东南部中生代火山岩构造环境与区域成矿研究基础上,依据火山活动特点,从火山岩盆地性质;火山喷发旋回发育程度;火山岩盆地的主岩性;火山-侵入岩岩性与产出部位;活动断裂及其次级断裂;火山机构及其周围的构造;围岩蚀变等七个方面,对火山岩盆地的成矿条件进行分析,并指出在普查找矿中应如何正确运用。     

台风路径预报套网格模式的试验

为了提高差分模式的分辨率,以改进台风路径预报。本文提出了原始方程模式的两种嵌套网格方案。试验表明,所提异模式嵌套网格交界域变量的衔接、协调处理是有效的;以轴对称正态分布模拟台风环流对于合风路径数值预报是适宜的。个例计算及1980年试用结果表明,套网格方案对路径预报有不同程度改进。     

Carbon Storage in Terrestrial Ecosystems of China: Estimates at Different Spatial Resolutions and Their Responses to Climate Change

The carbon storage of terrestrial ecosystems in China was estimated using acommon carbon density method for vegetation and soils relating to thevegetation types. Usingmedian density estimates, carbon storage of 35.23 Gt (1 Gt = 10¹⁵g) in biomass and119.76 Gt in soils with total of 154.99 Gt were calculated based on thebaseline distribution of37 vegetation types. Total carbon storage of the median estimates at differentspatial resolutionswas 153.43, 158.08 and 158.54 Gt, respectively, for the fine (10),median (20) and coarse (30)latitude × longitude grids. There were differences of –1.56, +3.09and +3.55 Gt carbon storagebetween baseline vegetation and those at different spatial resolutions. Changein mappingresolution would change area estimates and hence carbon storage estimates. Thefiner the spatialresolution in mapping vegetation, the closer the carbon storage to thebaseline estimation. Carbonstorage in vegetation and soils for baseline vegetation is quite similar tothat of biomes predictedby BIOME3 for the present climate and CO₂ concentration of 340ppmv. Climate changealone as well as climate change with elevated CO₂ concentrationwill produce an increasein carbon stored by vegetation and soils, especially a larger increase in thesoils. Total mediancarbon storage of terrestrial ecosystems in China will increase by 5.09 Gt and15.91 Gt for theclimate scenario at CO₂ concentration of 340 ppmv and 500 ppmv,respectively. This ismainly due to changes in vegetation areas and the effects of changes inclimate and CO₂concentration.     

贵州省人为地质灾害及其防治

通过"十五"期间贵州省人为因素引发的地质灾害及造成人员死亡和直接经济损失的统计分析,表明贵州省人为地质灾害十分严重。规范人类工程活动,保护国家和人民生命财产安全,加强人为地质灾害防治工作势在必行。